Compare three electromembrane technologies by treatment target, driving force, product objective, and operating boundaries.
Applicable targets
- ED is suitable for brine desalination and concentration.
- DD is suitable for waste acid and waste alkali recovery.
- BMED is suitable for salt conversion into acid and alkali and resource recovery preparation.
Decision sequence
- First, define the ions to be removed, retained, or converted.
- Then confirm whether the objective is desalination, concentration, acid recovery, or acid and alkali production.
- Finally, evaluate based on impurities, concentration, energy consumption, and downstream product routing.
Validation recommendations
For complex materials, bench-scale testing or pilot-scale testing should be used to confirm selectivity, current efficiency, fouling risk, and continuous operating boundaries.