Application Library
Application Scenario Materials
Application scenario materials developed based on the DD, ED, and BMED technical routes, for reference on industry solutions pages.
Application Library
Browse application scenarios by technology route
Browse application materials by DD, ED and BMED technology routes to see target streams and engineering boundaries.
Diffusion Dialysis (DD)
Recovery of spent hydrochloric-acid pickling liquor
Steel pickling: hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquid recovery
View DetailsRecovery of spent sulfuric-acid pickling liquor
Steel pickling: sulfuric acid pickling waste liquid recovery
View DetailsSpent-acid recovery from copper, aluminum, and titanium pickling
Non-ferrous metal processing: spent acid recovery from copper / aluminum / titanium pickling
View DetailsWaste-acid treatment in copper, nickel, zinc, and cobalt smelting
Non-ferrous metal smelting: spent acid treatment from copper / nickel / zinc / cobalt smelting processes
View DetailsAcid recovery in the Bayer process
Alumina: acid liquid recovery in the Bayer process
View DetailsRecovery and regeneration of hydrochloric and nitric acids in rare-earth processing
Rare earth smelting: hydrochloric acid / nitric acid recovery and regeneration
View DetailsRecovery and regeneration of hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acids
Electroplating industry: hydrochloric acid / sulfuric acid / nitric acid recovery and regeneration
View DetailsSpent-acid recovery from micro-etching and etching
PCB: spent acid recovery from micro-etching / etching
View DetailsSpent-acid recovery from foil-forming processes
Formed foil: spent acid recovery from the forming process
View DetailsTreatment of acid-leach waste liquor from cathode materials
Lithium batteries: treatment of spent acid leachate from cathode materials
View DetailsSpent-acid recovery from lead-acid battery production
Storage batteries: spent acid recovery from lead-acid battery production
View DetailsWaste-acid recovery for titanium dioxide, fluorochemicals, pesticides, and dyes
1.1 Titanium dioxide waste acid recovery project
View DetailsAcidic waste-liquor recovery from wood hydrolysis
Wood saccharification: recovery of acidic wastewater from wood saccharification
View DetailsRecovery and regeneration of acidic pharmaceutical mother liquor
Pharmaceuticals: recovery and regeneration of acidic pharmaceutical mother liquor
View DetailsRecovery of spent acid from fabric pickling
Printing and dyeing: recovery of fabric pickling wastewater
View DetailsClosed-loop acid reuse in paper production
Papermaking: acid liquor recycling in papermaking production
View DetailsElectrodialysis (ED)
Brackish water desalination
Seawater/brackish water desalination: brackish water desalination
View DetailsSeawater desalination pre-concentration
Seawater desalination: pre-concentration for seawater desalination
View DetailsDesalination of integrated electroplating/chemical/printing and dyeing wastewater
3.1 Electrodialysis (ED) treatment of electroplating wastewater
View DetailsPretreatment for wastewater zero liquid discharge (ZLD)
Environmental wastewater: pretreatment for wastewater zero liquid discharge (ZLD)
View DetailsSodium chloride/sodium sulfate/ammonium chloride concentration
Chemicals: concentration of sodium chloride/sodium sulfate/ammonium chloride
View DetailsResource recovery of inorganic salts/process mother liquor
Chemicals: resource recovery of inorganic salts/process mother liquor
View DetailsHigh-salinity wastewater reduction in coal chemical processing
Coal chemical industry: high-salinity wastewater reduction in coal chemical production
View DetailsMVR pre-concentration before evaporation
Coal chemical industry: MVR evaporation front-end pre-concentration
View DetailsDesalination of integrated refinery wastewater
Petroleum refining: desalination of integrated refining wastewater
View DetailsDesalination of amino acid/citric acid/lactic acid/glutamic acid fermentation broth
Food fermentation: desalination of amino acid/citric acid/lactic acid/glutamic acid fermentation broth
View DetailsPurification and refining of fermentation broth
Food fermentation: purification and refining of fermentation broth
View DetailsDesalination and refining of active pharmaceutical ingredients
Pharmaceuticals: desalination and refining of APIs
View DetailsPurification of pharmaceutical intermediates
Pharmaceuticals: purification of pharmaceutical intermediates
View DetailsPurification of fermentation-derived pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceuticals: purification of fermentation-derived drugs
View DetailsBipolar Membrane Electrodialysis (BMED)
NaCl splitting to produce hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide
High-salinity wastewater resource recovery: NaCl splitting to produce hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide
View DetailsNa₂SO₄ splitting to produce sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide
High-salinity wastewater resource recovery: Na₂SO₄ splitting to produce sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide
View DetailsRegeneration of waste hydrochloric acid/waste sulfuric acid/waste caustic soda
Waste acid and alkali resource recovery: regeneration of waste hydrochloric acid/waste sulfuric acid/waste caustic soda
View DetailsLithium-salt conversion from lithium sulfate to lithium hydroxide
2.1 Preparation of lithium hydroxide with bipolar membranes
View DetailsLithium extraction from salt-lake brines
Lithium battery: lithium extraction from salt lakes
View DetailsMetal-salt conversion for power-battery cathode materials
New energy: metal salt conversion for power battery cathode materials
View DetailsTernary precursor/lithium iron phosphate production
New energy: ternary precursor/LFP production
View DetailsLactic acid/citric acid/gluconic acid recovery
Organic acids: lactic acid/citric acid/gluconic acid recovery
View DetailsItaconic acid/succinic acid/acetic acid recovery
Organic acids: itaconic acid/succinic acid/acetic acid recovery
View DetailsProduction of high-purity electronic-grade acid
Semiconductor electronics: preparation of high-purity electronic-grade acids
View DetailsProduction of high-purity electronic-grade alkali
Semiconductor electronics: preparation of high-purity electronic-grade alkalis
View DetailsRare-earth salt conversion
Rare earth and non-ferrous metals: rare earth salt conversion
View DetailsNickel salt/cobalt salt/copper salt conversion treatment
Rare earth and non-ferrous metals: nickel salt/cobalt salt/copper salt conversion treatment
View Details
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